Women Of The Civil War - 1329 Words

When we think of the Civil War, many think of the sacrifices and influences of the men during this time. Women of the Civil War however, were also active participants of making history. Their lives before the war were that of being proper. Their focus was working to maintain and support their families. The Civil War stole away the life as women knew it and placed them into a whole different role- one that was much more difficult both physically and emotionally. Women of both the North and the South were forced to accept a much different role in order to survive. The Civil War was the first account in history where women had an active role throughout a war. It was their first opportunity to make a difference in our country’s history.†¦show more content†¦Their roles were much like the women of the north, however, those who had come from Lewis- 2 wealth experienced a much greater change. Where they had been dependent on slaves for help, they were now forced into hard times and doing hard work themselves. The Civil War had brought the fighting onto their own land and into their homes. Homes and churches were now used as hospitals in order to care for the large number of injured soldiers. Union soldiers stole much of the provisions that women and children needed in order to survive. This forced women to leave their homes and live with relatives or move into cities. Their lives as they had known it before the war was completely changed. They no longer had the security they knew before the war had begun. Life as they knew it was gone. The Civil War encouraged slaves towards gaining their freedom, but in return added to their hardships. Women were forced to continue their work load while taking on the responsibilities of husbands, fathers, and sons. Union troops often took the male slaves leaving women and childre n to fend for themselves. Many were forced to live in â€Å"contraband camps† that were overly crowded. Shelter was not sufficient, needed supplies were not available, and abuse was often experienced from the soldiers. Women and children were often given the opportunity to learn to read and write. In addition, schools were established to help to educate these individuals. In the north and

Ap Government Chapter 15 Study Guide Free Essays

1. Why was the bill of rights added to the constitution? a. The framers thought a bill of rights was not necessary because the constitution spelled out the extent of the feds power. We will write a custom essay sample on Ap Government Chapter 15 Study Guide or any similar topic only for you Order Now Blah blah blah (now at the top of page 487) In 1791 the states ratified 10 amendments and the nation had a bill of rights. The BOR imposed limits on the national gov but not on state gov. b. So†¦ all in all I’m really not sure what the exact answer is. Sorry bro 2. Difference between civil liberties and civil rights c. Civil liberties (sometimes referred to as â€Å"negative rights†) are freedoms that are guaranteed to an individual. These are restraints on the gov. Civil liberties declare what the government cannot do. d. Civil rights (â€Å"positive rights†) are powers and privileges that are guaranteed to the individual and protected against arbitrary removal at the hands of the gov or individuals. Like the right to vote or free expression and stuff. 3. The First Amendment guarantees freedom of religion in two clauses: e. The establishment clause- this prohibits laws establishing religion. f. Free exercise clause- which prevents the government from interfering with the exercise of religion. g. Together, these ensure that the government can neither promote nor inhibit religious beliefs or practices. 4. Know where phrase â€Å"Wall of separation between church and state† appears and comes from h. In 1879, the Supreme Court contended, quoting Thomas Jefferson, that the establishment clause erected â€Å"a wall of separation between church and State. † 5. Lemon v. Kurtzman bottom of 490-491: in 1971, the court struck down a state program that would have helped pay the salaries of teachers hired by parochial (parochial means of or relating to a church or parish) schools to give instruction in secular subjects. . The justices proposed a 3 prong test for determining the constitutionality of gov. programs and laws under the establishment clause: i. The must have a secular purpose ii. Their primary effect must not be to advance or inhibit religion iii. They must not entangle the government excessively with religion. j. The program in Lemon v Kurtzman did not satisfy t he last prong of the test. The government would have had to constantly monitory the program which would have cause and excessive entanglement with religion. 6. Engel v Vitale (bottom on 493) in 1962 the court struck down the daily reading of a 22 word nondenominational prayer in New York’s public schools. Justices stated that official state approval of prayer was an unconstitutional attempt on the part of the state to establish a religion. This decision drew a storm of protest that has yet to subside. k. In class I wrote down that he told us we needed to know the difference between freedom of beliefs and freedom of practice but I really don’t see how that has anything to do with this court case.. like whateverrrr coach sybert. l. He also said to note the â€Å"Certain things you can’t do and hide behind religion. The one we talked about in class was the guy with the snakes† So I’m clueless yet again. 7. Strict scrutiny- A neutral law that burdens the free exercise of religion is subject to strict scrutiny. This means that the law may be upheld only if the government can demonstrate that: m. The law is justified by a â€Å"compelling governmental interest† n. The law is narrowly tailored to achieve a legitimate goal o. The law in question is the least restrictive means for achieving that interest p. That was on page 496 and you may need to read the paragraph to understand the definition in context 8. Scheneck v U. S. (pg 498)- Charles Scheneck and his fellow defendents were convicted for attempting to disrupt WWI military recruitment by distributing leaflets claiming that conscription (conscription is enlistment for state service, typically the military) was unconstitutional. The gov believed that this behavior threatened public order. q. There’s supposed to be a famous quote we get out of this case but the quote is a whole big paragraph. Here is an excerpt from the quote: iv. The question in every case is whether the words used are used in such circumstances and are of such nature to create a clear and present danger that will bring about the substantive evils that Congress has a right to prevent† v. That’s known as the clear and present danger test. Duh. r. Because the actions of the defendants were deemed to create a clear and present danger to the US at t hat time, the Supreme court upheld their convictions. 9. Tinker v Des Moine Independent County School District (pg 500)- involved 3 public school students who wore a black armbands to protest the Vietnam War. Principles in their school district had prohibited the wearing of armbands on the ground that such conduct would provoke a disturbance; the district suspended the students but the Supreme Court overturned the suspensions. s. Justices declared for the majority that the principals had failed to show that the forbidden conduct would substansially interfere with appropriate school discipline. t. â€Å"†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦fear or apprehension of disturbance is not enough to overcome the right to freedom of expression. † 10. Chaplinsky v New Hampshire (500)- In 1942 Walter Chaplinksy, a Jehovah’s Witness, convicted under a state statute for calling a city marshal a â€Å"God-damned racketeer† and â€Å"a damned fascist† in a public place, appealed to the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court upheld Chaplinksy’s conviction on the theory that fighting words do not convey ideas and thus are not subject to first amendment protection. u. Fighting words- words that inflict injury or tend to incite an immediate breach of the peace. v. To dumb it down- he was found guilty because the things he said were not protected by the first amendment. 1. Reno v ACLU (501)- the supreme court upheld the lower court’s ruling in June 1997 by unamimously deciding a broad affirmation of free speech rights in cyberspace, arguing that the Internet was more analogous (analogous means comparable) to print media than to television, and thus even indecent material on the internet was entitled to First Ame ndment protection. 12. New York Times v Sullivan (502)- First off you need to know that libel is the written defamation of character. A person who believes their name and character have been harmed can sue. In this case, the supreme court declared that freedom of the press takes precedence—at least when the defamed individual is a public official. w. The court agreed that the first amendment protects the publication of all statements about the conduct of public officials, except statements made with actual malice. x. Actual malice- with knowledge that they are false or in reckless disregard for their truth or falsity. y. 3 years later, the court extended this protection to apply to all public figures, not just government officials. 13. New York Times v United States pg 504- z. Prior restraint case dealing with the pentagon papers {. Supreme court doesn’t believe in prior restraint although you can be punished after the fact. And in order for the supreme court to prevent publication they have to have a really good reason- have to prove immediate, inevitable, and irreparable harm following the publication of the documents. |. First amendment offers protection against government censorship 14. Case in Louisville, Kentucky- a reporter who had researched and written an article about drug related activities was called on by a grand jury to identify people he had seen in possession of the drugs. The reporter refused to testify, saying that freedom of the press shielded him from this inquiry. }. In a closely divided decision, the supreme court rejected his position stating that no exception is permissible to the rule that all citizens have a duty to give their government whatever testimony they are capable of giving. ~. He had to give up the information and some of his freedom to maintain order 15. Bong hits for Jesus. Pg 505- supreme court upheld the suspension of the boy who held up the sign at an outside school event. School officials may prohibit speech if it could be interpreted as promoting an illegal drug use. 6. The 2nd amendment states â€Å"A well regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed. . If you are a gun control advocate- you focus on the first part and your argument is that everyday citizens are not part of a militia. . If you are NOT a gun control advocate- you fo cus on the second part that your right to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed. 17. D. C. vs Heller- (federal level)- was a challenge to the strictest gun control statute in the country. It barred private possession of handguns and required trigger locks and stuff. The court ruled in a 5-4 decision that it is a constitutional right to keep a loaded handgun at home for self defense. 18. McDonald v Chicago– (state level)- this case had the same ruling as the first one except this one was on a state level. 19. Bill of attainder- a law that pronounces an individual guilty of a crime without a trial. 20. Most freedoms protected in the BOR today function as limitations on the states. The changes have been achieved through the supreme court’s interpretation of the due process clause of the 14th amendment: . Due process clause-â€Å"nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without the due process of law. † This clause has 2 central meanings: vi. It requires the government to adhere to appropriate procedures. vii. It forbids unreasonable government action. . Under this clause you have a trial by jury available to you, if you can’t afford a lawyer they’ll provide you with one, etc. Not all states have the same number of jurors. Supreme court says minimum of 6. 21. Gideon vs Wainwright- pg 511 case made due process applicable to the states. The state must provide you with a lawyer if you cannot afford one. 2. Miranda Warnings-protects against self incrimination. comes from Miranda v Arizona 23. Exclusionary rule- Something discovered as the result of an illegal search cannot be used in trial. Mapp vs us on 512 24. The exception is the good faith clause- U. S. vs Leon. Pg 513? 25. Griswald v Conneticut- 517 personal autonomy. Could the state outlaw birth control. Zone of privacy that exists because of the 1st, 3rd, 4th, and 5th amendment. . Birth control is a personal choice. 26. Rowe vs. Wade- extension of Gridwald. You should have choice on child bearing. Blah blah blah. Struck down abortion laws. Due process clause 2 FREE RESPONSE. ANSWER BOTH 1. First amendment and the freedom of speech. Freedom of speech is not absolute. Explain (or give 2 examples of) 2 limits on speech and the related cases a. Fighting words- Chaplinsky b. Idk 2. Similar concept. Rules against illegal search and seizure and self incrimination protect your right to a due process. c. One rule regarding illegal search and seizure, and the case. Explain how that protects your due process d. One rule regarding self incrimination and the related case and explain how that protects your right to due process of law. How to cite Ap Government Chapter 15 Study Guide, Papers

Project Portfolio Management-Free-Samples-Myassignementhelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Impact of the early and the front-end part of the Project Portfolio Management. Answer: Introduction The paper deals with the analysis of the potential impact of the early and the front-end part of the project portfolio management on the overall success of the project portfolio. The part of the process includes ideation portfolio management and the pre-screening stage. Analysis The early and the front end part of the PPM process where the ideas taken and later used as project proposal has been conceptualised as ideation portfolio management (Heising 2012). According to Heising, PPM mainly emphasise on allocation of scarce resources to the most potential and promising ideas. These promising ideas are made as per the decision criteria followed which these ideas are prioritised as per the strategic objectives. However, the author has missed an equal emphasis on the steady flow of the project related ideas. It means that the author has not given equal emphasis on the fuelling of the project pipeline, which is actually the ideation element of the portfolio management. Heisings conceptual framework consists of the series of the constructs, concepts, and interrelation between the project portfolio success, ideation portfolio managementand front- end success. This framework helps makes the portfolio selection rationale. However, in early phase a speedy execution is required for successful implementation of the ideation portfolio management (Jugend et al. 2016). It must include the decision makers to move ahead logically considering the risks (Archer and Ghasemzadeh 1999). Front-end success is possible only by effective ideation, front-end efficiency, and degree of innovation. Further, portfolio balance and economic success determines the overall success of project portfolio (Heising 2012). Similarly, Archer and Ghasemzadeh provided an overall project portfolio selection frameworkin 1999. According to the selection should consist of pre-screening stage in addition to other stages, which will also be initiated by the project proposals, which in turn relates with the concept of ideation. He divided the front-end part into strategic consideration, evaluation of individual projects and portfolio selection phases. .Pre-screening stage is important to know if the ideas warranty any further work and extensive analysis. It helps to evaluate each project with certain guidelines. It is required to screen opportunities in relation to project. It will help feed the pipeline of the project into the selection process of the project. The strength of the framework is that it can be embedded in the decision support system where the project success can be further enhanced by using computerised modelling and databases (Kock et al. 2015). Therefore, it would be better if the selection proc ess have flexibility to choose the most useful techniques in the pre-screenings stage (Archer and Ghasemzadeh 1999). Impact It can be concluded from the analysis that managing a portfolio is difficult than managing a programme. Everything from the portfolio ideation to the selection phase is the front-end part of the PPM. This part consists of the organisational learning. The impact of the early and the front-end part cannot be determined unless the portfolio performance assessment is completed (Kock et al. 2015). According to Hesing the probability of the overall success can be determined by the early and front end success. Since there are not concrete outcome of the front-end success, it can be measured by the perception (Heising 2012). However, for such evaluation there is a need for an individual to judge early and front end with strong knowledge of the market created by the organisation and innovation. Better portfolios can be selected by doing thorough front end and consequently derive maximum benefits. References Archer, N.P. and Ghasemzadeh, F., 1999. An integrated framework for project portfolio selection.International Journal of Project Management,17(4), pp.207-216. Heising, W., 2012. The integration of ideation and project portfolio managementA key factor for sustainable success.International Journal of Project Management,30(5), pp.582-595. Jugend, D., da Silva, S.L., Salgado, M.H. and Miguel, P.A.C., 2016. Product portfolio management and performance: Evidence from a survey of innovative Brazilian companies.Journal of Business Research,69(11), pp.5095-5100. Kock, A., Heising, W. and Gemnden, H.G., 2015. How Ideation Portfolio Management Influences Front?End Success.Journal of Product Innovation Management,32(4), pp.539-555.

When someone mentions the Civil Rights Movement th Essay Example For Students

When someone mentions the Civil Rights Movement th Essay ey probably first think of the non-violent demonstrations such as Rosa Parks famous bus ride or the March on Washington DC. However, the movement goes back further than that, to the early 1700s when the first anti-slavery tract was published. It has spanned many years of struggle, from then until present day, with many blacks and many whites fighting to break segregation in America, the land of freedom. If there had been no discrimination in the work-place, the social and economic condition of the Negro would have been remarkably different. Although they would have certainly been far from equal, they would have had a better foothold on their future. We will write a custom essay on When someone mentions the Civil Rights Movement th specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The blacks were given jobs as janitors in the buildings of white stock brokers and lawyers. In 1896, when Homer Plessy was arrested for riding in a white railroad car after he purchased a first-class ticket, he started the spark that gave us separate but equal in America. When he went to the Supreme Court against this arrest, things began to change. It gave blacks equality, but not really. For example, there were black and white pools, usually the black pool was unkempt; there were black and white restrooms, usually the black restroom was never cleaned; there was black and white everything, with the black half being downgraded significantly from the white half. The Supreme Court ruling in 1954 in the Brown v. Board of Education case brought a whole new aspect of segregation to light. It gave the movement the necessary motion to advance in its struggle. The Court decided that it was within the Constitution that a black person was to get an education at a white school, or any school for that matter. Up until this court case, segregation was legal, in the broadest sense of the word. However, after this case, the entire outlook on racial segregation was rehashed. For many, this was the break they were looking for, while for others it was a step back. The first day that Linda Brown attended her new school, the National Guard was on-hand to keep the peace because many white parents did not want their children attending the same school as a black child. Another event that contributed to the movement was the boycott of the Montgomery bus system. It strengthened the student involvement in the movement and also gave many blacks a non-violent method to fight racial segregation. It was a combination of nonviolence and legal footwork that was to distinguish the official Alabama response to the movement in the fifties and sixties. There was one other major event that was part of the Civil Rights movement, the March on Washington DC. This was primarily a demonstration for the support of the Civil Rights bills that were being enacted. It was also a march for better and more jobs and against the injustices that were still present in the Southern states. This march brought forth over 200,000 men and women to the Lincoln Memorial to hear another heart-felt speech delivered by Martin Luther King, Jr. about his feeling on the entire movement. In his historic speech, Mr. King proclaimed that he had a dream and that even one day the state of Alabama will be transformed into a situation where little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls and walk together as sisters and brothers. Mr. King also likened the words of the Constitution to a promissory note that America sent to the colored people but came back marked insufficient funds. The speech was meant to give hope and a light to the people he represented. He wanted to change the way that the world looked at not only the blacks and whites, but also Jews and Gentiles and Catholics and Protestants as well. All of these events, including many others, were an integral part of the Civil Rights movement. Many groups, including the SNCC, CUCRL, NAACP and CORE, and individuals joined in the modern-day crusade to end racial segregation. Even though the courts ended segregation in 1954, everything was still the same. .ufc418f0aa3d4deffef25544db406bf05 , .ufc418f0aa3d4deffef25544db406bf05 .postImageUrl , .ufc418f0aa3d4deffef25544db406bf05 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ufc418f0aa3d4deffef25544db406bf05 , .ufc418f0aa3d4deffef25544db406bf05:hover , .ufc418f0aa3d4deffef25544db406bf05:visited , .ufc418f0aa3d4deffef25544db406bf05:active { border:0!important; } .ufc418f0aa3d4deffef25544db406bf05 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ufc418f0aa3d4deffef25544db406bf05 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ufc418f0aa3d4deffef25544db406bf05:active , .ufc418f0aa3d4deffef25544db406bf05:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ufc418f0aa3d4deffef25544db406bf05 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ufc418f0aa3d4deffef25544db406bf05 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ufc418f0aa3d4deffef25544db406bf05 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ufc418f0aa3d4deffef25544db406bf05 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ufc418f0aa3d4deffef25544db406bf05:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ufc418f0aa3d4deffef25544db406bf05 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ufc418f0aa3d4deffef25544db406bf05 .ufc418f0aa3d4deffef25544db406bf05-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ufc418f0aa3d4deffef25544db406bf05:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Book Report On Thomas Jefferson (1066 words) Essay Separate but equal was never over, as we can see today, and it .